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Radio Frequency IdentificationRFID is a technology for data transmission physically based on electromagnetic fields. The main component of RFID technology is a transponder that can be affixed on or in various objects. The data stored on the transponder can be identified without being touched or seen by means of readers. RFID system In the simplest case, an RFID system consists of a transponder (“tag”), a reader and software in the background (“backend”). TransponderThe transponder serves as data medium. It consists of a microchip, an antenna and a protective cover. Object data are stored on the chip which are then identified with the aid of a reader. TagAnother term for RFID transponder. Active RFID transpondersActive RFID transponders have a battery that allows for an independent power supply. In this way, they can transmit information over a distance of up to 100 meters. Passive transpondersPassive transponders obtain energy from the radio signal of the reader and transmit data only if the radio signal activates the internal conductive paths. The signal range of the passive transponders is about two meters. Reader Also called writer/reader. The reader comes into contact with the transponder via radio waves and in this way can identify data. Middleware Functionality that ensures the interaction of hardware and software components. It filters and aggregates data and exchanges them with the backend system. It is also for controlling and monitoring the reader. Anti-collision proceduresAnti-collision procedures ensure that when several transponders are in a field, all are detected and no collisions occur. Back-end systemComponents of the RFID system (software in the background) that take over the actual management of data that are read. Electronic product code (EPC) The EPC is a data standard for unambiguous identification of products and kinds of products. It is stored on the RFID transponder and contains information about manufacturer, product and serial number. EPCglobal Global strandardization organization. (www.epcglobalinc.org)
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